Description: Seminar, four hours. Preparation: reading knowledge of one appropriate foreign language. Examination of nature of cross-cultural, cross-linguistic, and cross-confessional exchange in known medieval worlds of Europe, Asia, and Africa, with focus on communication and translation. Drawing on literary, social, cultural, economic, art history, and manuscript studies to trace formation of discourses produced by diverse encounters. Choice of bilingual texts. May be repeated for credit with topic change. S/U or letter grading.

Units: 0.0