Description: Lecture, three hours; outside study, nine hours. Limited to PhD students. Exploration of one problem for study--its history, current state of knowledge about why problem exists, and what might be done about it. Survey of several problems and alternative ways in which problems have been conceptualized and studied to understand how scholars use theory and empirical evidence to advance what is known, what is yet unknown, where there are important gaps in understanding particular problems, and what might be done to solve them. Letter grading.

Units: 4.0